The formula for the polar moment of inertia for a hollow shaft is given by:
\[J = \frac{\pi}{32} (D_o^4 - D_i^4)\]
where \(D_o\) is the outer diameter and \(D_i\) is the inner diameter. Substituting the given values, we get:
\[J = \frac{\pi}{32} ((4.5)^4 - (3)^4)
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